Snubber



F. E. BACHMAN Aug. 17, 1948.

SNUBBER Filed Jan. 10, 1944 All@ 17, 1948- F. E; BACHMA'N 2,447,305

t SNUBBER Filed Jan. 10, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug- 17, 1948- v F.E. BACHMAN 2,447,305

SNUBBER Filed Jan. 1o, 1944 3 sheets-sheet s 'emanen thereof.

Patented Aug. 17, 1948 Bachmann; hicagolllliasvsignor'to `inferi- A -can Steel Foundries, Chicago,-lll.,-a.corporaton of New Jersey "Application J anua1jy"10,

1s Lclarifies.

My invention `relates to friction devices-zand. -rnore'particularlyv tol a snubber,= suchas Yis commonly utilized in Aconjunction 'witl'if,tl1e gbolster supporting springsf of a: railwayy car truck.y

"The general a' .snubber comprising fa top sfollowermwith'fa slotted frictionnstem;ifrictionslioes vengaging said stem, an annular wedgexmember ysleeved `over said *slices in complementary, wedge engagement therewith; rand a' Yspring compressed between Ysaid annulargmembeitand the rtop follower, v l

Aspeci'c l:object iof my invention is to provide lugs oni-the' ,friction shoes VAreciprocalwithin -the slot throughxithe frictionl stemlandcooperating therewith to `limit` the Fexpansion stroke of the device. l l l Another object Vof my-rinvention lis to form the friction shoes with tbaseflanges affording a seat for Lthe snubber yagainst an associated lsupporting or supported member. vA-differen't objectfof my yinvention is to design 'a snubb'er, such, las above described, `in kwlfiichthe friction stem `is separable from the base ornspring 'cap' of its rassociated follower, whereby the base .'a-ndvstem may be formed of different materials, ifzdesired I. o.

'Still ,another-object of my .invention is 'to provide a composite friction shoe 'having la fsupport element of iron or :steel andna complementary lfriction element removably mounted onsaid support element, said friction element bei-ng rformed. of metallic or nonmetal'lic composition, or a combination offboth, yas desired. l

.Inthe drawings, l. f c l Figure 1 is a side elevation of my novel 'snubber, the .right half of the structure being shown in section along the plane indicated by the line l-l -of FigurevZ. D

Figure '2 vis a composite view, the left half there- :of Vbeing a top plan View and the righthalf'there- 'of 'being asectiona'lview taken in the plane indicated'bythelineZfof Figure 1. v

`Figures 3 and 4 illustrate detail base cap Qi ,the top follower shown 2, Figure l3 being. 2y top plan of v,th e spring cap and Figure 4 being -a side Figures ,'5 and .'-6 are;

'view and .a side elevation of the friction stem .shown in Figures l and 2,

Figures '7 and V8, are. r espec tivelyf,x view and a sideelevation ofthe rfriction element of-,one ofmynovelfrictionshoes.

y Figures 9 and 10 are, respectively, a top plan object of"inyilinvention is-to design `view tanda-a, sidev e evation'ofzfth support element.

'Figures l1:an`drfl2rare, respectively, i'atfopplan View *and* 1fasideif elevationfofcthe spring :support wedge'member slriownffin'fFig-ures"tfafridv ff f? l f'Figures 13'fand-"14fill1istrate Aanrnoolif'cation-of my.inventionFi'guref/'IB beingal composite View comparableA to :Figure Iztlief-l'eftfhalf of: Figure 13 being a,sidefeievationiandwhe 'i'ight'l'ialf thereof fbeing' aseo/tionalv wiewtaken' irrt-he pl'anerindi'- catedl by :th'e linerl3-e-lfl @tof-"Figure F142 Figure-.fliV is- --a fcompositevi'ew;ftheleft lia'lf fth'e'eofl Ybeing atopA plan view-'and the; riglitz'lialffthereofbeirrgfa` sectional view't'aken -intlie plane' indicatedvfby'the line.I4-I4offFigureniB:l iDescribing my inventom fin AfdetailI fand l'referring lirst to the embodimentthe'reoff illustrated in :Figures -lto 1=.2'i-nc1us'ive, the #top Afoll'ow'er'generally designated@ coniprises'the'fanniilarebaseor spring cap memberm,aifording-wseat-at S-lFigme `1 fl-for vvan z-associatedf-supported fmembrpsueh asaspringvplate. f The base' 4 'comprises aicentral openings!! therethrough;'-mergingffwth slotsvfll), il 0 (Figure') i -wvhicheXtenclfvi-nto opposedmecesses 42, yl2 iin-.fthe ltopeof the base 'f^4,-\the' opening "'3 -beingadapted for receptionoffpositioning means, such as a boss or a 1ug, ..on=thtassoclatedr-supported-memberwas will be -clearl-y apparent to those-skilledrintheartf-- The :frfictionr stemrgenerallydesignated I4 com.- prises a ibod-y portion lflFigures Afiar-1d 46) presenting at opposite sidesthereof :V-shapedffriction f-faces- 48;.' l-8.for complementary engagement with @the associated ,friction shoes, as hereinafter more Aifullydescribed.` fBrfojectin-gfupwardfly from the body 4portion -I Sfoffthe.- stem are the lspaced arms 20, 20 `(Figure 6') which extend through-the slots I0, A HL of` the -base-r and ycomprise at their upper lextremities l the. .interlocking lug-s l122, 2'2-, whic'hware complen'lentary to the-recesses I-Z;Av l2 of thebase andere-received therewithin to afford an interlock between theistem' Ill-and the base 4. .v-Eaoh friction shoe generally designated isa composite :struct-ure comprising'-a' supportrnember 26f i11ustrated--i-n'detail' inFigures' 94an'd l0. lThe member f2zcomprises the :nai-nvertlical wall 21 of V-shap'e'saidwall being t'formediinterine'- -dfiate -i-tsfends-,wi-th 4`a hollowr proj ectionlqand lbeing formedwat its lower. yextremitieswithafbase :ange 30 affordinfggaseat for` the snub'berupon the associate@tf.,-fsupporting member, rauch-asf -a spring plate, the lowerextr'emitiesof the 'wallfZ'l .beingformed'fwithanearcuate recess 32e-ais best Iseen' in tfh'e 'right g'half off Figure "l-,efortllereception -of positioning means', such `'as a boss or a lug,

follower, generally inafter described. It may be noted that the friction element 38 may be formed of any suitable metallic or nonmetallic composition, or a combination of both, in order to obtain the'desired frictional characteristics, and, in-this-connectiong it may also be noted that the friction stem I4 of the top follower is preferably formed of `noncorrosive material, such as stainless steel, in order to prevent excessive abrasion of friction element 38, which might result from corrosion or rusting of the friction stem underse-rvice conditions. i l"'Thefriction element 38, as 4will be clearlyun- VAderstood from a consideration of Figures'l and 8, is a substantially solid member comprising'the V-shaped friction wall 40 complementary to the vwall 21 of the support element 26, 4said wall-40 being in complementa-ry frictional engagement afi-42 (Figure 1)k withV the adjacent face I8 of theftopfollower stem I4. Intermediate its up- 'per and lower extremities the W'all 40 "of the frictionelement 38 is formed with a complementary *lug or projection 44 recessed within 'the `hollow projection 28 of the support element 26 to afford an interlocking engagementtherewith. The annular spring support memberl 46 isil- Ilu'strate'd' in detail in vFigures V1l and 12 `and comprlses'at'opposite sides thereof the spaced inturned diagonal 'lugs' 48, 48 in complementary wedge engagement'at 50, 50 with the wedge jfaces36, 36 of the friction shoes 24, 24, and the lower `extremity of themember 46 comprises an annular flange l52 affording a seat at 54 for the lower'end of the coil spring 56, Whichis'seated at"its upper end as at 58 against the base or spring ca p 4 and is positioned by the depending annular flange 60thereon. It'will be understood that, while the spring 56 is illustrated as formed of a bar having a square cross-section, 'if desired the spring may be formed of a `bar having any desired vcross-section, such as, for example, circular. vThe expansion stroke of the ydevice isV limited by' lugs 62, 62 formed on the upper extremmembers 267 26 of the fric- 'ities ofthe support `tion Ishoes 24, 24, said lugs being received between the spaced arms 20, 20 of the friction stem `|4'and being adapted to abut the upper edge of the body vupward portion I8 thereof for limiting relative ymovement of the top follower 2 with Vrethe friction shoes 24, 24, and it may be noted that each lug 62 disposed at one'side 'of the longitudinal center line of the support member 26, said center line being indicated at 'lA- BrinV Figure 9.v By virtue of this arrangement, the lugs 62, 62 of the respective shoes 24, 24 are in misaligmmlz-nt` thusl vaffording clearance between'the lugs 62, 62 as wear takes place at 42 between the stern |4 and the friction elements 44, 44 of the respective shoes. It will be understood that the support members 26, 26 are identical, thus interchangeable.

n Referring now to the modification of my inventionillustra'ted in Figures 13 and 14, the top designated |02, comprises the the composition base or spring cap |04 and the integral depending friction stem |06, said base |04 having the central opening |08 therethrough for the reception of positioning means on the associated supported member.

The friction shoes, generally designated 0, |I0, are in frictional engagement at ||2, II2 with the frictionistem |06,'each shoe comprising a lug ||4 at its upper extremity forcooperation as at ||6 (Figure 13) with the stem |06 intermediate the spaced arms thereof for limiting the expansion stroke of the device. Intermediate its extremities, each shoe is provided vwith-av diagonal wedge face 8 in complementary 'wedge engagement at |20 with the spring support member |22, which is sleeved over the `shoes and comprises the annular spring seat flange |24, affording a seat as at |26 for the lower `end of the coil spring |28, the upper extremity of which is seated at |30 against the base orspring cap v|04 of the top follower |02.

The lower extremities of the shoes '|I0, ||.0 are provided with the base flanges |32,"|32 affording a seat for the snubber upon the associated supporting member, Ysuch as a springplategsaid shoes being provided with the arcuate recesses |34, |34 for the reception of positioning means on the supporting member.

It will be understood that the 'modification illustrated in Figures 13 andv 14is substantially identical with that illustrated in Figures 1 and 2,'except for the fact that the spaced arms of the friction stem |06 are integral *with the base orl spring cap |04 of the top "follower |02.' Also in the embodiment illustrated in Figuresy 13 and 14, each friction shoe ||0 is a single integral member of forged or cast iron or steel,l whereas in Figures'l and 2, as above described, 'each friction shoe 24 is a two-piece composite strucn ture. It may be noted that in either of the described embodiments of my invention, the snubber may be inverted, so that the top follower 2 or |02 becomes a bottom follower and the friction shoes 24, 24 or ||0, ||0 afford a seat for an associated supported member upon the snubber, and it may also be noted that, if desired, any suitable resilient member, such as a rubber sleeve, may be substituted for the `coil spring illustrated.

It is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited by the eXact embodiments of the device shown which are merely by Way of illustration and not limitation as various and other forms of the device will, of course, be apparent to those skilled in the art withoutfdepartingfrom the spirit of the invention or the scope ofthe claims.

Iclaim:

1. In a snubber, a top follower comprising a base with spaced recesses in the top thereof, a central opening through said base merging with slots extending into respective recesses, a stem having spaced arms extending upwardly through `respective slots, each arm-having a complementary lug received within th'e associated recess for interlocking engagement with said base, a pair of spaced friction shoes each comprising a support element having a main wall with a hollow projection presenting an external wedge face, and a removable friction element associated with said support element and having a complementary lug recessed within the hollow projection thereof, said friction element being in frictional engagement with one side of said stem, a lug on each' support element overlying the associated friction element and received between arms Efor cooperation 4with a portion Said spaced. i l

' rtorlimittlfie expansionstrokeiofthe jsnlibben a' springl support member sle'yed vinfer loomI Shoes in' oomoloio'ooiofy Wo'igo oogoo'omooi "Withooid Wedge fotoos. .and .a spring compressed 'lotw'en" al 'angef onsaid spring, ,support r ner'nber and analignedlportion 0f saidpaseQeaclifor said isup'portjeisnents Comprising a bassfissg'angrofrigv a seatfror 'the jsiiubter against :associated "supportingmeniber:

` r 12.,Iln asniibber, a tgp follower Comprising baise 'with space'd'reces'ses in the t`o'p, thereof, a 'oentra1'- opening through said base merging with 1'slots Aextending int-o respective reoes's'es 1.a l'stem haring spaced arms Yextendingy upwardly through respective slots, each arm' hailing a complemenijfeirylng received within the'assooiatedwre ess for vintel'rllc'gking engagement `,v5/ith' saidfb'as lof "spaced fri tionv shoes each yocimpiiSingaIslnivi- "p'ort element, having a: Amain Wall with "a ihollow roiootoh presenting on external Wedge falto, 51nd afemQV-mle f lcn mnt @SSOiaied .With isai'd support element aghdhaving y a eomplemen- 'tarylug'recessd iii/ithin' fthe rh'olloWfproje ion thereof, said friction'ele'ment being'inv :frictional engagement with no side of said stem,sl1`ugfon leach 'vsilp'p'o 't elerrient "i overlying the associ'atecl frieti'on Aelement and received -loegyin'e`i1 said spaced 'arms for coopration ,with -a portion of sailst'em Ito limit the`eiqansion 'stroke ofA tlriesnlnbber,l a fspr'ig su'pportfmember sleeved 'oversaii` shoes in '4:' "n'iple'riientary"vifegelv engagement `with said Wedge Tartes',l and a1 spring compressed 'between a' Harige onfsai'dv spring support member andfan :aligned portion of jsaid baseQ f3." Ina snnbber, av and "ai friction 'stem'.With' 'a body vportitvii'i and spaced integral -arms extending therefrom, said "arms *being operatively associated with saidlbase for movement therewith, jvshaped'friction sgraCeS 0n Opposite SideS'Of 'sd'b'dy DIGI-lion@ pair of identical friction shoeseach oor'nprising a ibase 'flange on itsouterv extremity j affording ,a :seat for the s'nubbefrI against anassooiatedrsupjporting or supportedfmernber, a il-shaped fricf '.tionfa-ce on v`eaohi shoe -engaging vthe rassociated :.surfaoe, a lug on the innere'tre'nityfof each shoe `recziprocalV between' 'said arms and cooperating with the bodS7 portion of 'the stern t'rlimitfthe Lexr'iansion strole' of the' snulober, 'an anniilar spring support member' sleeved overv said shoes iin diagonal Wedge face engagementlthereyv'ith, #said support member hailingl an annular"sp ng seatange, and 'a coil spring'sleied 'oyer'said support member, one end (of Asaid springbearng against said flange 'andthe opposite "end of'said spring bearing 'against said base,"the lng on each shoeb'eing entirely vdisposed at 'on'e'side "of fthe longitudinal center linethereo'r.`

.4.In`a ysnubloen a top follower comprising follower comprising a base yndy ,a friction. stem vilith'J body 4spacedL integ'ral.ar d A Y y lar'xns being .operatiz'elyassooiatedwithsai lfor'mor'oment faces'o opposite sides of pair ofjriction shoes,A I H y l d Hnge on its oiiteriextremity affording a seat-fior 'the snubber against 'ian bSiipported imembenf.

annie inner 'ext y betweensad arms a .Soid spooodtormaforooooorationfwith-@oproer herewith, Vr'shapd .friction snrsaid bod ortionfga each comprising a base associated supportin or a" v-shaped `friction face trie as'sooiated, surface, a; lang ity off each fshoefreciproeal d. coopera fing, Withthe, d

portion of meistern 'engagement vthe N snpportfniembe ing yoooo., olor spine soot fiorito, ood@ oil spring sleeye'd oyer said support member, one nd 0f, Said Spfie-looorneog t Seid Heng@ an oooosiio ood of Said bose" Si pol In o snuloloora o. top. 'follower -oomprisineo portion* andv spacer,v yext ding' upyifaijdf- 1y therefrom and nneotedV said`v base por- 'iio'n o of' .Sroood gffrionoo sfio. tiooollv 'leagles Said'. body nox on d oofo'onsine zo bolso 'floris ironia el ,soot io tho vsnub' 4er vagainst a'nassociated member, abro'- Jootion on o ooh Shoo mosontioeenooigo foo-o, o so'i' fs i` `l`o ofr tfiozt1bor sleeredoi/or Said in oomplomootory I Wo'dg'o engagement said facts',I saids'irppo'rt inernber presenting Jan ja nn-v lofspriig Sloot flnerosilioilt ,moons Slotvodoror sf 'o'."Hpport` member vand' lcompressed aga st 'said spring 'seat lfleurige and against l an al slrfao'e on sid bas'' portion; and arlugon e oh 'Shoo reoeivoo between autonomos for @one eration4J with the upper edge of said body portioto limit thfelipanfsion stroke ofthe snubber. 7. In a`snbber,"a7ol lovir oomprisinga vbase and a; removable vfriction'stem with' spasso arr'iis inter-locked therewith, said base 4affording -a.I eat for one fend of the snubber, y a'plur'ality friotion shoe membersaifor'ding a seat'ro V4'the snnbber at thevl opposite" end thereof, 'eaoh of y, said `inembes "oornprising f" 'Wedge' "face,"` a yspring support element' sleeved `over Asaid members in Wedge engageinen't with` said ('fa'oes,N resilient meansfco'mpressed'betwen saidl element and saidbase', removable'iricton'elernent of c terial'asso'oi d vwith each V so member and o'onprisi lg a positioning. ug recessed thereinhfor .folloifior oomlrioioe beso With'fsaid 'base affording a seatffor one end of friotion .shoe members one affordingv resilient means 'compressed between said eleaffording a 'seat for one end `of'the`snubber,`"fric f tion shoes engaging said stem andlaffording a seat for the snubber at the opposite end thereof, veach shoe.' comprising a wedge face, ,a `member sleeved over said shoes and in complementary wedge engagement Vwithgsaicl wedge faces, re-

sillient means compressed between said 'member and said base, veachfjof said 'shoes beingfaicomposite member comprisingsasupport, element and 'alfrictionvelemerit seatedfthereon; each of said friction elements' @being in59,1'ntairledj., tightly Vagainst said'` 'stem f andthe 'associated 'support elementY solely b`y"pres`s`ure exerte'd"by saidresilient means,l and aprojectionon each element at oneextremty thereoffxtending within' 'afslot in said stein and' cooperatigtherewith for limit,- ing'f'the expansionstrokeof Athe snubber and erig'agingthfe adjacentfelement yto..pre'ven,t relative`movement of the latterwith. respect tothe associated support element Y and said `follower during relative movement lof'said vshoes andffol- 10. In a snubb`er`'a follower comprising arv base and a removable friction 'stem ,interlocked therewith, said Abase affording a .seat forzone endjfof the snubber, a plurality of friction shoe members affording a seat'k for the snubber attheopposite end thereof, eachof said members y.comprising awedge face, Va `slfnrinfgsupport element sleeved over said members in wedgeengagement with s aid`faces,resilient means compressed; between said element and said base, removable friction elements mounted on said shoe members and frictionally engaging said stem, and means on each shoe member at one extremity thereof engaging the associated element for support thereof and extending Within a s lot Vin said stem for limiting the expansion` stroke of the snubber.

11. In a friction device, afollowercomprising avbase and a friction stem, friction shoes associated with said stem and each `comprising a base flange affording a seat for the snubber at one end thereof, wedge means sleeved over said shoes in complementary wedge engagement therewith, resilient means sleeved over said Wedge means and bearing thereagainst and against said follower, and lugs on said shoes reciprocal within an opening through said stem and cooperating therewith for limiting the ex,- pansion stroke of the device, each of said shoes comprising a support element and a removable friction element engaged thereby and engaging said stem, each of said lugs having engagement with the adjacent friction element for support thereof.

12. In a friction shoe support element, a member having a main wall, with -a base flange formed at one extremity of said wall and projectingfrom one side thereof, an interlocking lug on the opposite extremity ofsaid wallprojecting from `.the

opposite side thereof, and a hollow projection on said wall formed intermediate said extremities for supporting an associated friction shoe, said projection presenting an external wedge face on the first-mentioned side of said wall, said Vlug being entirely disposed at one side of the 1onrin frictional engagement with said stem, each friction element being held in engagement .with the associated support element by pressure exerted by said resilient means, and means associated with each support element in engagement with, the associated friction element for preventing relative movement between the same and havinginterlocking engagement with said stem for` limiting the expansion stroke of said snubber.

14. In a snubber, a follower comprising afriction stem, said follower affording aseat for one end of the snubber, a plurality of friction shoe members affording aseatfor the snubber-atjthe opposite end thereof, a spring support velement sleeved. over said members in wedgeengagement therewith, resilient means compressedy between said element and said follower, and friction means comprising nonmetallic friction elements Aremovably supported by and between said shoe members and engaging'said stem, each of said friction means being held in engagement with the associated shoe member by pressure exerted by said resilient means,and means vcomprising lugs extending'in a plane normal to the plane of said ,frictionr stem associated witheach shoe member in engagement with the associated fric-'- tion means for preventing relative movement between the same and having interlocking engagement with said stem for limiting the expansion stroke of said snubber. f

15. In a friction device, a follower comprising a base and a friction stem, friction shoes en gaged with said stem and each having a bipartite structure ,comprising a support element and friction means-seated thereagainst and against said friction stem, wedge means sleeved over said shoes in complementary wedge engagement therewith, resilient means sleeved Vover said wedge means and bearing thereagainst and against said base, and a lug on each support element reciprocal within an opening through said stem and cooperating therewith for limiting the expansion stroke of the device and also having engagement with the associated friction means for retaining the same against movement relative tothe associated support ele-ment dur-. ing relative linear movement between said shoes and said follower.

16. In a friction shoe support element, a member having a main wall, a base flange formed at one extremity of saidmain wall and projecting from one side thereof, an interlocking lug on the opposite extremity of said wall projecting from the opposite side thereof, a hollow projection on said wall intermediate said lug and base flange and projecting fromsaid wall inthe same direction -as said base flange, said hollow projection `being adapted` to afford. a support for "an associated friction element, a reinforcing rib for said projection on said wall extending longitudinally thereof and disposed bet/Ween said projection and base flange and merging with said projection, and a wedge face on said projection on a side thereof remote from said rib.

17. In a snubber, a top follower comprising a base with spaced recesses in the top thereof, a central opening through said base merging with slots extending into respective recesses, a stem having spaced arms extending upwardly through respective slots, each `arm having a complementary lug received within the associated recess for interlocking engagement with said base, a pair of spaced friction shoes each comprising a support element having a main wall with :a hollow projection presenting an external wedge face, and a removable friction element associated with said support element and having a complementary lug recessed within the hollow projection thereof, said friction element being in frictlonal engagement with one side of said stem, a lug on each support element overlying the associated friction element and received between said spaced arms for cooperation with a portion of said stem to limit the expansion stroke of the snubber, a spring support member in comple- Imentary `wedge engagement with said wedge faces, and a spring compressed between a flange on said spring support member and an aligned portion of said base.

18. In a snubber, a follower comprising a base and a friction stem, a pair of spaced friction shoe members each comprising a base affording a seat for the snubber against an associated member, a projection on each shoe member presenting al wedge face on one side thereof, a spring support member sleeved over said shoe members in complementary wedge engagement with said faces, resilient means sleeved over said support member and compressed between said 10 member and an aligned surface on said firstmentioned base, and removable friction elements engaged with said shoe members on the opposite side thereof and frictionally engaging said stem, each friction element being maintained in engagement with the associated shoe member and said stem by the pressure transmitted to said elements and shoe members by said resilient means, and common means supporting each element on its associated shoe member for movement therewith relative to said stem and having interlocking engagement with said stem to limit the expansion stroke of the snubber.

FRED E. BACHMAN.

REFERENCES CITED UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 629,110 McCord July 18, 1899 1,292,539 Todd Jan. 28, 1919 1,674,824 Haseltine June 26, 1928 1,679,921 Sherman et a1. Aug. 7, 1928 1,688,649 OConnor Oct. 23, 1928 1,907,068 Haseltine May 2, 1933 1,935,796 Haseltine Nov. 21, 1933 1,989,157 Schmidt Jan. 29, 1935 2,004,829 Ragsdale June 11, 1935 2,084,638 Goodwin June 22, 1937 2,123,702 Lerch July 12, 1938 2,128,504 `Sproul Aug. 30, 1938 2,223,656 Bachman Dec. 3, 1940 2,277,263 1Tucker Mar. 24, 1942 2,373,508 Snyder Apr. 10, 1945 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 4,120 Great Britain Feb. 15, 1914 

